07-13 Aug, 2012
small world
REFORM
Pune to Get an ‘Innovation’ University

NEW DELHI ~ The Centre is hoping to get going this year with the first of its proposed ‘innovation universities’ to address the quality of higher education in the country. The Tagore University for Liberal Arts in Pune will focus on an experimental mode of education to bring liberal arts education in the country at par with what’s offered abroad.

While the Ministry of Human Resource Development is reluctant to comment on the fund allocation for the university—since the Universities for Research and Innovation Bill under which this ambitious project is planned is still pending in Parliament—sources say it will certainly be more than the Rs 240 crore earmarked in the 11th Five-Year Plan for central universities. The MHRD is hoping to begin work this year, which also marks the 150th birth anniversary of Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore.

The blueprint for the university has been submitted to the MHRD by a committee consisting of Jadavpur University professor Supriya Chaudhuri, historian Ramachandra Guha, director of the King’s College London India Institute Sunil Khilnani, theatre personality Girish Karnad and art historian BN Goswamy. It will break away from the standard undergraduate programmes in social sciences and humanities offered by central and state universities, and will be modelled on American and English educational institutions.

The original proposal was to set up 14 such autonomous universities across the country, including in Amritsar, Greater Noida, Jaipur, Patna, Guwahati, Kolkata, Bhopal, Gandhinagar, Coimbatore and Bhubaneswar. But this is likely to be whittled down substantially, with the MHRD now saying that ‘14 is no longer a sacrosanct number’. “Where is the money for setting up so many universities?” asks a senior ministry official. “We can only hope to begin work on the Tagore university,” he adds. “Whether it will cost Re 1 or Rs 100 crore, we will push for it.”

Take Two
The Rigidity of Definitions
Shooting may not be a ‘sport’, but it is demanding. Success in it is therefore deserving of praise

Different dictionaries use different words to explain the meaning of sports. But their gist remains the same. Sports, by most definitions, involves competition between individuals or teams, a set of rules and physical activity.

Shooting, increasingly India’s sole guarantee against Olympic bankruptcy, meets the first two criteria, not the third. So in the strictest sense of the word, the cynics are right. Shooting is not a sport. Gagan Narang, one of our elite athletes, can afford to be a food-loving panda of a man with a belly that those with strong maternal instincts would like to scratch. The sedentary nature of shooting also makes it possible to have long careers. The oldest Olympian ever, Oscar Swahn, was a shooter. He won his first gold, two in fact, at 60, added another gold four years later and then a silver at age 72.

But if an activity is challenging enough in other respects, if it is a severe test of several human attributes all at once, we should accord it due respect, and not obsess over whether it meets certain definitions. And shooting is indeed an extreme test of concentration, willpower, accuracy and control over every little twitch of our muscles. Some sports are about explosive action, some about absolute stillness. Both are remarkable. The ability to keep body and mind still and find the most minute of targets is as special as the ability to blast off the blocks in a 100 metre race.

Narang’s bronze in the 10m air rifle category was the fruit of 70 high-pressure shots, 60 in the qualification round and 10 in the final. He got 75 seconds for each crack. The centre of the target was 0.5mm. Even ants are bigger, generally starting at about 1.5 mm. All shots were squeezed under the burden of the knowledge that even a little drop in performance could destroy a dream. Nearly all the shots were accurate. His final shot was extraordinary. It had to be spectacular, else a podium finish would have eluded him. He nailed a 10.7.

The British shooter James Huckle, who competed in the 10m air rifle event in London, put it succinctly when he said, “I don’t think anyone watching an elite sport will understand how difficult it is without trying it.” We could argue that Narang could have done better than bronze, but to not consider his discipline worthy of Olympic status would be unfair.

WEATHER
Making Rain, Not War in Mumbai

Mumbai is likely to get artificial rain in two weeks. There has been below average rainfall in the city and a shortage of potable water is imminent. The state government has few options but to try artificial rain, also called weather modification, cloud-seeding or rain-making. Negotiations are on between the state government and some weather modification firms. An Israeli company with a proven track record is likely to get the contract. In the past too, such an exercise had been undertaken to irrigate the drought-prone areas of Vidharba and western Maharashtra. Officially, the state government is still deliberating on the matter. So no information was forthcoming from the Chief Minister’s Office. But Vinod Tawade, the BJP’s leader of the opposition in the Legislative Council says that the project will get a go-ahead. “It may look as if Mumbai often gets flooded. But there is a severe water shortage in the city,” Tawade says. He adds that while artificial rain may be a good way to irrigate parched land, it may not end the potable water crisis. The primary reason why people want rain is so that there is enough water to drink and for crops to grow. This season has been worryingly dry, despite predictions to the contrary by the weather bureau. And artificial rain seems to be a short-term solution. Weather modification, or cloud-seeding or rain-making, is an important component of water resource management. It is done in three stages—stimulation of clouds, a build up stage, and finally bombardment (rain). Chemicals are used to stimulate the air mass upwind of the target area, which rises and forms rain clouds. Chemicals used in the creation of artificial rain include calcium chloride, calcium carbide, calcium oxide, a compound of salt and urea or a compound of urea and ammonium nitrate. These chemicals are capable of absorbing water vapour from the air mass, thus setting off the condensation process. This is the first stage. In the second stage, silver iodide is used to ‘build up’ clouds. Though there are many methods for cloud-seeding, the most popular uses small planes to spray chemicals onto clouds. But it cannot take the place of natural rain and is seen only as a supplementary exercise.

Forum
Just What the Doctor Ordered

Patient safety is an issue of concern in India. There is an almost total absence of records of cases of negligence and errors. Recognising this, in April this year, Dr Nikhil Datar formed the Patients Safety Alliance (PSA) in collaboration with the World Health Organisation. On 1 July, its first patients empowerment workshop was held in Mumbai. The session prompted a discussion on various aspects of patient safety. The UK’s National Health Service has reported that the risk of a patient dying of a healthcare hazard was more than in an air or nuclear disaster. “Medicines today are potent,” says Dr Datar, a gynaecologist, lawyer and consumer rights activist. “If a cotton wrap cannot do much to control someone’s body temperature, it can also not do much harm. But if you are using a drug capable of curing cancer, a slight overdose can prove fatal.” Vasumathi Sriganesh, CEO, Qmed Knowledge Foundation, which guides doctors and patients alike on reliable resources for research, recommends two websites—Pub Med health and Cochrane. “These sites provide an analysis of the research done over the past few years,” Sriganesh says. The idea behind PSA, Dr Datar says, is this: “Before we are doctors, we are patients, and to empower ourselves is our right as much as our responsibility.”

Helpline
Battle against Ragging

With universities and colleges set to begin new sessions for the season, the Union HRD Ministry has launched a new web portal for students and families to lodge complaints against acts of ragging. The portal has been designed by Rajinder Kachroo, father of Aman Kachroo, who died in 2009 after being brutally ragged by seniors at Dr Rajendra Prasad Medical College in Himachal Pradesh. As part of a Supreme Court order, the Government has also set up a national helpline: 1800-180-55-22. Students can lodge their complaints, and Kachroo promises to ensure that these are addressed immediately. “We will also put all communication related to [every] complaint on record for access, till it is addressed completely,” he says.

Kachroo was earlier running an anti-ragging helpline commissioned by the University Grants Commission . According to data collected by the Trust between June 2009 and May 2012, Uttar Pradesh topped the list of complaints, with as many as 307 made. West Bengal was second with 200 complaints registered.

Art Cinema
Kiran’s Peeve

At the 12th Osian Film Festival in New Delhi, the cast and crew of Dhobi Ghat, aka Mumbai Diaries, delved into their experience of making the film. The film’s director, Kiran Rao, said that the multiplex phenomenon is largely profit driven and does not help the cause of parallel cinema—which does not always have popular content and therefore does not draw a large audience. Dhobi Ghat released in multiplexes across the country in January 2011. But if Rao had it her way, she would have liked to rent a small theatre where the film would be played for a nominal fee but over a long period of time. This would have given the audience enough opportunity to watch the film. Rao did say, however, that Dhobi Ghat showed that you could make different kinds of films in India.